The education system in my world varies depending on the locale, wealth and profession. This is the common formal schooling system in the Mainland and the Deserts.
Early childhood
From birth up until seven years of age, schooling is informal. Commoners are often instructed by their family or village elders on basic religious concepts and reading and writing. Noble children are often instructed by a tutor.
Temple School
From ages 7-13, all children are mandated to study at the local temple. This school is free to attend, and children are instructed on religion, mathematics, reading and writing.
This is the highest formal schooling most children receive. After this, most peasant children begin work in their family’s smallholdings. The children of artisans seek apprenticeships in their trade. Those seeking religious education and service, remain in temples or join monastic orders. The nobles and bourgeoisie, however, seek further education in the Gymnasium.
Gymnasium
From ages 14-18, wealthy children are enrolled in the Gymnasium. These are high schools located in big cities, which deliver further instruction. Some Gymnasia provide lodging for students. Subjects include, law and contracts, governance, natural sciences, philosophy, history and customs, advanced reading, writing & mathematics, foreign languages and basic physical and military training.
Gymnasia are secular institutions, and they charge high annual fees. Young men of noble lineage or wealthy backgrounds (children of merchants, lawyers etc.) make up the majority of students in Gymnasia. A small n of young women, about ten percent, also attend Gymnasia. Peasants are encouraged to send their children here, but they only make up five percent of all students. and they tend to do so under a wealthy sponsor.
Students take written, oral and physical examinations. After graduation, students find moderate paid work as government officials, administrators, notaries, tutors and translators. They may also join military academies or guilds such as Merchants and Barbers which require Gymnasium schooling in order to join. Some pursue further education at universities.
Universities
Universities are prestigious, highly selective institutions that offer specialised education under the tutelage of Masters. There are several universities across the world which offer specialisations in fields such as Advocacy, Medicine and Philosophy, among others. The fees for university education varies depending on the Masters, and students often take up work alongside their studies.
University education takes between 3-5 years. Upon successful completion, students receive the title of Learned, which gives them license to practice in their chosen field. The Learned may continue their scholarship to produce a thesis — which, upon successful defence, earns them the title of Proctor, and a further thesis with at least ten years in the field earns them the title of Master.
University-educated people are highly sought after in almost every state and kingdom. They may become royal advisors, specialists, lawyers, magistrates, doctors, architects, inventors, cartographers, public intellectuals etc with high-paying jobs.
Military Academies
Military academies are run by the state and are free for citizens of that state. These academies train soldiers and naval officers, through intensive physical training and battle tactics, for the army/navy of the state. Some academies offer training for teamsters, guards and seamen for a fee. Military academies also research and develop military technology.
Promising students are recruited from Gymnasia, and from recruitment drives in cities and towns. Training may take up to 3 years, and upon successful completion, they go into service of the state military/navy, royal guard, personal levies in middle-high positions or may continue in research.
The Vidomic Order
The Vidomic Order is a fraternity of Vidomurges (a special category of magic users). They are responsible for all Vidomurrges of the world regardless of statehood.
This type of magic is dangerous, and therefore they take it upon themselves to educate and train their own. Inquisitors search for young children displaying magical talents and bring them to train at the Bastion in Ramistova. These children may be as young as five years old, or older at twelve, but most are detected at the age of seven.
In addition to reading, writing and mathematics, these children are taught vidomurgy, combat, religion and religious rites, medicine, philosophy, law, foreign languages, history and customs. Formal schooling lasts up until 18 years of age, and upon completion, they join the Order and remain in service for life. Members of the Order play diplomatic, religious, social and military roles serving in their own militia, foreign royal courts, hospitals and temples.